(10.1.1845, Slavkov pri Brnu - 7.4.1922, Dunaj)
Ladislav Benesch was a German-Czech versatile artist who spent most of his life in Vienna. Throughout his life, he remained strongly connected to our regions, as he visited them many times. He worked as a painter and draftsman, and was also skilled in cartography. He was born into a well-educated family, who were related to the politician and museum curator Karl Dežman.
After finishing high school, Ladislav von Benesch joined the army. Together with his colleagues, he went on campaigns in Denmark (1864) and Italy (1866). There, he was wounded in the Battle of Custozza. For his bravery, the authorities awarded him the Silver Cross, which was considered a special and extremely valuable military decoration. Due to the injury, he had to abandon active military service, and from then on he devoted himself primarily to art. Since Benesch lacked education, he initially enrolled at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, and then received additional training from Eduard Peithner von Lichtenfels. He had a strong influence on the artist's interest in landscape.
While serving in the army, Benesch traveled through Carniola, Carinthia, and Styria, where he created many sketches and drawings while exploring the landscapes. He also painted with watercolors and gouache. In his images, it can be seen how Benesch combined a realistic approach to art with romantic and heroic elements. He was especially interested in motifs from the highlands and architecture from the rural environment, as well as other elements that revealed the beauty of Slovenia. His paintings are made with topographic precision. His landscape drawings found their way into encyclopedias and travelogues.
During his stay in Slovenia, the artist was constantly in contact with Karl Dežman. Here he also met his wife Julia Pauer, which further strengthened his contact with his native environment. Among his more famous works of art created in our country is a watercolor with the motif of Močilnik. It is a depiction of a landscape with a lake and reflects how skilled an artist Benesch was. In his works, he managed to connect the documentary with the artistically expressed landscape. He himself was also a collector. While traveling around Slovenia, he collected folk art and objects, which he later donated to the National Museum of Slovenia and the Ethnographic Museum in Vienna.
Benesch's oeuvre is characterized by precise drawing, harmonious composition and a sense of light, with the help of which he designed an emotionally experienced landscape. His legacy thus records important historical and artistic moments of individual landscapes, architecture and life as it was known in central Europe in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Ladislav Benesch je bil nemško-češki vsestransko podkovani umetnik, ki je večino svojega življenja preživel na Dunaju. Skozi celotno življenje je ostal močno povezan tudi z našimi pokrajinami, saj je večkrat zahajal vanje. Deloval je kot slikar in risar, spreten pa je bil tudi v kartografiji. Rodil se je v razgledano družino, ki je bila v sorodu s politikom in muzealcem Karlom Dežmanom.
Po koncu gimanzije se je Ladislav von Benesch pridružil vojski. Skupaj s kolegi je se je odpravil na pohode na Dansko (1864) in Italijo (1866). Tam so ga v bitki pri Custozzi ranili. Za njegovo hrabrost mu je oblast podelila srebrni križec, ki je veljal za posebno in izredno cenjeno vojaško odlikovanje. Zaradi poškodbe je moral opustiti aktivno vojaško službo, od tedaj dalje pa se je posvetil predvsem umetnosti. Ker je Beneschu primanjkovala izobrazba, se je sprva vpisal na Akademijo likovnih umetnosti na Dunaju, nato pa se je še dodatno izobraževal pri Eduardu Peithnerju von Lichtenfelsu. Ta je močno vplival na umetnikovo zanimanje za krajino.
Benesch je že v času, ko je služboval pri vojski, potoval po Kranjskem, Koroškem in Štajerskem, kjer je ob raziskovanju pokrajin ustvaril prenekatere skice in risbe. Slikal je tudi z akvareli in v tehniki gvaša. V njegovih podobah je mogoče opaziti kako je Benesch združil realistični pristop k umetnosti z romantičnimi in herojsko obarvanimi elementi. Zanimali so ga predvsem motivi iz visokogorja in arhitektura iz ruralnega okolja, ter drugim elementom, ki so razkrivali lepoto Slovenije. Njegove slike so izdelane s topografsko natančnostjo. Njegove risbe krajine so se znašle kot ilustracije v encikloopedijah ali potopisnih delih.
Med bivanjem v Sloveniji je bil umetnik vseskozi v kontaktu s Karlom Dežmanom. Tu je spoznal tudi ženo Julijo Pauer, kar je še okrepilo njegov stik z domačim okoljem. Med njegove bolj znane umetnine, ki so nastale na naših tleh sodi akvarel z motivom Močilnika. Gre za upodobitev krajine z jezerom in odraža kako spreten umetnik je Benesch bil. V delih je uspel povezati dokumentarno z umetniško izraženo krajino. Sam je bil tudi zbiratelj. Med potovanjem po Sloveniji je zbiral ljudsko umetnost in predmete, ki jih je kasneje podaril Narodnemu muzeju Slovenije in Narodopisnemu muzeju na Dunaju.
V Beneschovem opusu izstopa natančna risba, harmonična kompozicija in občutek za svetlobo, s pomočjo katerih je zasnoval čustveno doživeto krajino. Njegova zapuščina tako beleži pomembne zgodovinske in umetniške trenutke posameznih pokrajin, arhitekture in življenja, kot so ga poznali v osrednji Evropi v 19. in začetku 20. stoletja.
All the artists on the Porta Alpina website can be found at this link.
The text was prepared for the Porta Alpina gallery by Pia Župevec, B.Sc. art history
Besedilo je za galerijo Porta Alpina pripravila Pia Župevec, dipl. um. zgod.
SOURCES/VIRI:
Nataša IVANOVIĆ, s. v. Benesch, Ladislav (1845-1922), Slovenska biografija, 2013, https://www.slovenska-biografija.si/oseba/sbi1017640/ (1.10.2025).
Prvenka TURK, Ladislau Benesch, Ljubljana, 1973.
Marijan ZADNIKAR, s. v. Benesch, Ladislaus, Enciklopedija likovnih umjetnosti, I, Zagreb 1959, p. 326.
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